Article I

Purpose and responsibility

1. With the purpose of securing common and effective action to prevent the spread and introduction of pests of plants and plant products, and to promote appropriate measures for their control, the Contracting Parties undertake to adopt the legislative, technical and administrative measures specified in this Convention and in supplementary agreements pursuant to Article XVI.

2. Each Contracting Party shall assume responsibility, without prejudice to obligations assumed under other international agreements, for the fulfilment within its territories of all requirements under this Convention.

3. The division of responsibilities for the fulfilment of the requirements of this Convention between Member Organisations of FAO and their Member States that are Contracting Parties shall be in accordance with their respective competencies.

4. Where appropriate, the provisions of this Convention may be deemed by Contracting Parties to extend, in addition to plants and plant products, to storage places, packaging, conveyances, containers, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harbouring or spreading plant pests, particularly where international transportation is involved.

Article II

Use of terms

1. For the purpose of this Convention, the following terms shall have the meanings hereunder assigned to them:

‘Area of low pest prevalence’

— an area, whether all of a country, part of a country, or all or parts of several countries, as identified by the competent authorities, in which a specific pest occurs at low levels and which is subject to effective surveillance, control or eradication measures;

‘Commission’

— the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures established under Article XI;

‘Endangered area’

— an area where ecological factors favour the establishment of a pest whose presence in the area will result in economically important loss;

‘Establishment’

— perpetuation, for the foreseeable future, of a pest within an area after entry;

‘Harmonised phytosanitary measures’

— phytosanitary measures established by Contracting Parties based on international standards;

‘International standards’

— international standards established in accordance with Article X, paragraphs 1 and 2;

‘Introduction’

— the entry of a pest resulting in its establishment;

‘Pest’

— any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products;

‘Pest risk analysis’

— the process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic evidence to determine whether a pest should be regulated and the strength of any phytosanitary measures to be taken against it;

‘Phytosanitary measure’

— any legislation, regulation or official procedure having the purpose to prevent the introduction and/or spread of pests;

‘Plant products’

— unmanufactured material of plant origin (including grain) and those manufactured products that, by their nature or that of their processing, may create a risk for the introduction and spread of pests;

‘Plants’

— living plants and parts thereof, including seeds and germplasm;

‘Quarantine pest’

— a pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present but not widely distributed and being officially controlled;

‘Regional standards’

— standards established by a regional plant protection organisation for the guidance of the members of that organisation;

‘Regulated article’